Established the 'Great Rhetra,' Sparta's foundational (oral) constitution.
Credited with creating key institutions such as the Gerousia (council of elders) and the ephorate (magistrates).
Instituted the Agoge, a rigorous state-controlled education system for all male citizens focusing on physical endurance, combat skills, and loyalty.
Introduced Syssitia (communal meals) to foster camaraderie and discourage luxury among citizens.
Reportedly implemented land redistribution (kleroi) to ensure economic equality among Spartiates.
Abolished debts and introduced iron bars as currency to discourage wealth accumulation and promote focus on military virtues.
Developed new tactics and standardized military training, making the hoplite phalanx the cornerstone of Spartan warfare and producing 'the most powerful army standing in Greece.'